Class 8 Social Science First Term Summative Assessment 2026 – Answer Key
Class 8 വിദ്യാർത്ഥികൾക്കായി നടന്ന First Term Summative Assessment – Social Science പരീക്ഷയുടെ വിശദമായ Answer Key ഇവിടെ ലഭ്യമാണ്. പരീക്ഷയിലെ ഓരോ ചോദ്യത്തിന്റെയും ശരിയുത്തരങ്ങളും ആവശ്യമായ Value Points-ഉം ഉൾപ്പെടുത്തി തയ്യാറാക്കിയതാണ് ഈ Answer Key.
പരീക്ഷ കഴിഞ്ഞ ശേഷം വിദ്യാർത്ഥികൾക്ക് സ്വന്തം ഉത്തരങ്ങൾ പരിശോധിക്കാനും ലഭിച്ച സ്കോർ ഏകദേശമായി വിലയിരുത്താനും ഈ പഠനസഹായി സഹായിക്കും.
Questions 1 to 4
Each carries 1 score
1. Which among the following is a gratifying need?
Answer: B) Luxury Cars
2. Identify the statement related to the Dutch from the following.
Answer: C) Published the Hortus Malabaricus
3. Analyse the statements and choose the correct option from those given below.
Statement I: There will be continuous darkness for six months from September to March in the Northern Polar region.
Statement II: The Sun's apparent position will be in the Northern Hemisphere from September to March.
Answer: C) Statement I is correct, II is incorrect
4. Arrange the table appropriately and choose the correct option.
Answer: C) a – iii, b – i, c – iv, d – ii
Questions 5 to 7
5. (A) Write any two features of the Capital Intensive Technique.
Less demand for labourers
Utilises more capital investment
Ensures productivity
Depends more on technology
OR
5. (B) List out the factors of production and their rewards.
| Factors of Production | Rewards |
|---|---|
| Land | Rent |
| Labour | Wages |
| Capital | Interest |
| Entrepreneurship | Profit |
6. Estimate the time at 60° East and 60° West longitudes when it is 7 AM at Greenwich Meridian (0° Longitude). Complete the A and B columns.
0° – 7 AM
60° West – 3 AM
60° East – 11 AM
7. Newspapers played a crucial role in promoting Indian Nationalism. Evaluate the statement.
Newspapers, in both English and regional languages, became vital platforms for spreading nationalism.
Pioneered by Raja Ram Mohan Roy with Sambad Kaumudi (Bengali) and Mirat-ul-Akbar (Persian).
These publications enabled criticism of British policies and fostered a critical awareness against exploitation.
Thereby playing a crucial role in developing modern ideas and nationalistic sentiment.
Questions 8 to 11
8. What are the basic economic problems faced by a country in relation to the production of goods and services?
What to produce?
How to produce?
For whom to produce?
9. What are the limitations of the Revolt of 1857?
The rebellion was confined to a few parts of Northern India.
Had no organised leadership.
The Company army had more improvised military and organisational skills than the mutineers.
The middle class in India generally did not support the rebellion.
10. Observe the given map and answer the following questions.
(A)
a. Identify the line of longitude marked as ‘A’ in the given map.
Answer: Standard Meridian of India.
b. Elucidate the significance of this longitude.
There is around 30° longitudinal difference between India's easternmost state of Arunachal Pradesh and the westernmost state of Gujarat.
So there is almost two hours of difference in the local time of these places.
To avoid the practical difficulty caused by this, a standard time has been fixed for the country.
The 82½° longitude is considered as the Standard Meridian of India.
This is known as the Indian Standard Time (IST).
OR
(B) Explain the significance of Greenwich Meridian in international time calculation.
In international time calculation, the longitude that passes through the Royal British Observatory in England is taken as zero degree meridian.
This is called Prime Meridian.
The local time at Prime Meridian is called Greenwich Mean Time.
Travellers worldwide calculate time based on Greenwich Time.
11. How did the expansion of transport and communication facilities introduced by the British help in strengthening Indian nationalism? Explain.
The British developed transport (railways, improved roads) and communication (postal, telegraph) networks in India for trade, industrial, and military advantages.
It fostered a sense of unity among Indians by enabling easier travel and communication across diverse regions.
This interconnectedness, combined with a unified administrative, legal, and currency system, significantly contributed to the emergence and strengthening of Indian nationalism.
Questions 12 and 13
12. (A) The Neelam Peasant Revolt in Bengal was the most important agrarian revolt held against the British colonial rule in India. Evaluate the causes of this revolt.
The British planters (indigo planters) forced the farmers to cultivate the indigo plant (Amari plant) for the factories established in the villages.
Indigo produced from the Amari plant could be sold only to the British.
The British paid less than the market price for the indigo to the farmers.
It led to severe food shortage, exploitation and economic hardship.
With the discovery of artificial dyes, the demand for indigo decreased and poverty increased.
The peasants turned to the path of agitation against the British.
Digambar Biswas and Vishnu Biswas were associated with the revolt.
Farmers abandoned their indigo cultivation.
Indigo factories were then attacked.
OR
12. (B) Explain the influence of the arrival of the Portuguese in different areas of India.
| Area | Influence |
|---|---|
| Political Field | The first European Fort in India (Fort Manuel) was established in Kochi. The regions of Kochi, Goa, and Daman and Diu came under the rule of the Portuguese. Training was given in war tactics and European weapons. |
| Agriculture Sector | Cashew tree (parangi mavu), papaya, guava (perakka) and pineapple were introduced. |
| Knowledge Sector | Printing technology was popularised. Christian religious education centres were started. |
| Cultural Sector | Art forms such as Chavittunatakam and Margamkali were popularised. European style of construction was started. |
13. The activities of the extremists were quite different from those of the moderates. Substantiate the statement.
The Indian National Congress saw a divergence in its approach to challenging British rule.
The Moderates, including Pherozshah Mehta, Gopalakrishna Gokhale, and Dadabhai Naoroji, favoured peaceful methods like meetings, speeches, and resolutions.
In contrast, the Extremists, led by Bal Gangadhara Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, and Lala Lajpat Rai, grew dissatisfied with this cautious stance.
They advocated for revolutionary actions like Swadeshi and boycott, believing that freedom required strong, open struggle.
Questions 14 and 15
14. (A) Explain the tax policies implemented by the British in India.
Permanent Land Revenue Settlement (1793)
Region: Bengal, Bihar, Orissa
Associated with: Lord Cornwallis
The zamindars, who were the landlords, collected high taxes on behalf of the British.
Farmers were required to pay a fixed amount as tax regardless of fluctuations in yield.
Ryotwari System (1820)
Region: South India, Deccan
Associated with: Thomas Munro, Alexander Reed
Peasants were considered as landlords.
The British collected taxes directly from the farmers.
The British seized the land of farmers who failed to pay taxes.
Mahalwari System (1822)
Region: North India, Central India, Punjab
Associated with: Holt Mackenzie
The village was treated as a unit and tax was collected.
The village which defaulted in tax payment was annexed to British India.
OR
14. (B) Evaluate the activities of Raja Ram Mohan Roy as a social reformer.
He initiated social reforms in India.
He had profound knowledge in Hinduism, Islam, Christianity and Judaism.
He was influenced by the French Revolution.
He played a crucial role in abolishing Sati through Brahma Samaj and started many modern schools.
He stood against idolatry, polytheism, polygamy, child marriage, etc.
15. Compare the Summer Solstice and Winter Solstice.
| Day | Position of Sun | Peculiarity of the Day |
|---|---|---|
| 21st June – Summer Solstice | The Sun's apparent position shifts towards north from the Equator to the Tropic of Cancer from 21st March to 21st June. | On 21st June, the Northern Hemisphere experiences the longest day and the shortest night. |
| 23rd September – Autumnal Equinox | The Sun's rays fall vertically on the Equator. | The duration of day and night will be equal in both hemispheres on these days. |
| 22nd December – Winter Solstice | The Sun's apparent position shifts from the Equator to the Tropic of Capricorn during the period from 23rd September to 22nd December. | On 22nd December, the Southern Hemisphere experiences the longest day and the shortest night. |
Important Topics Covered
This Class VIII Social Science Answer Key includes questions and value points related to:
Economic Problems
Factors of Production
Capital Intensive Technique
Longitude and Time Calculation
Standard Meridian of India
Greenwich Meridian
Newspapers and Indian Nationalism
Revolt of 1857
Transport and Communication
Neelam Peasant Revolt
Portuguese Influence in India
Moderates and Extremists
British Tax Policies
Permanent Land Revenue Settlement
Ryotwari System
Mahalwari System
Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Summer Solstice
Winter Solstice
Autumnal Equinox
Best Wishes to All Students
All the Very Best Dear Students